🎭 Playwright
Playwright is a framework for web automation and testing. It drives Chromium, Firefox, and WebKit with a single API — in your tests, in your scripts, and as a tool for AI agents.
Get Started
Choose the path that fits your workflow:
Playwright Test
Playwright Test is a full-featured test runner built for end-to-end testing. It runs tests across Chromium, Firefox, and WebKit with full browser isolation, auto-waiting, and web-first assertions.
Install
npm init playwright@latest
Or add manually:
npm i -D @playwright/test
npx playwright install
Write a test
import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test';
test('has title', async ({ page }) => {
await page.goto('https://playwright.dev/');
await expect(page).toHaveTitle(/Playwright/);
});
test('get started link', async ({ page }) => {
await page.goto('https://playwright.dev/');
await page.getByRole('link', { name: 'Get started' }).click();
await expect(page.getByRole('heading', { name: 'Installation' })).toBeVisible();
});
Run tests
npx playwright test
Tests run in parallel across all configured browsers, in headless mode by default. Each test gets a fresh browser context — full isolation with near-zero overhead.
Key capabilities
Auto-wait and web-first assertions. No artificial timeouts. Playwright waits for elements to be actionable, and assertions automatically retry until conditions are met.
Locators. Find elements with resilient locators that mirror how users see the page:
page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Submit' })
page.getByLabel('Email')
page.getByPlaceholder('Search...')
page.getByTestId('login-form')
Test isolation. Each test runs in its own browser context — equivalent to a fresh browser profile. Save authentication state once and reuse it across tests:
// Save state after login
await page.context().storageState({ path: 'auth.json' });
// Reuse in other tests
test.use({ storageState: 'auth.json' });
Tracing. Capture execution traces, screenshots, and videos on failure. Inspect every action, DOM snapshot, network request, and console message in the Trace Viewer:
// playwright.config.ts
export default defineConfig({
use: {
trace: 'on-first-retry',
},
});
npx playwright show-trace trace.zip
Parallelism. Tests run in parallel by default across all configured browsers.
Full testing documentation
Playwright CLI
Playwright CLI is a command-line interface for browser automation designed for coding agents. It's more token-efficient than MCP — commands avoid loading large tool schemas and accessibility trees into the model context.
Install
npm install -g @playwright/cli@latest
Optionally install skills for richer agent integration:
playwright-cli install --skills
Usage
Point your coding agent at a task:
Test the "add todo" flow on https://demo.playwright.dev/todomvc using playwright-cli.
Take screenshots for all successful and failing scenarios.
Or run commands directly:
playwright-cli open https://demo.playwright.dev/todomvc/ --headed
playwright-cli type "Buy groceries"
playwright-cli press Enter
playwright-cli screenshot
Session monitoring
Use playwright-cli show to open a visual dashboard with live screencast previews of all running browser sessions. Click any session to zoom in and take remote control.
playwright-cli show
Full CLI documentation | GitHub
Playwright MCP
The Playwright MCP server gives AI agents full browser control through the Model Context Protocol. Agents interact with pages using structured accessibility snapshots — no vision models or screenshots required.
Setup
Add to your MCP client (VS Code, Cursor, Claude Desktop, Windsurf, etc.):
{
"mcpServers": {
"playwright": {
"command": "npx",
"args": ["@playwright/mcp@latest"]
}
}
}
One-click install for VS Code:
For Claude Code:
claude mcp add playwright npx @playwright/mcp@latest
How it works
Ask your AI assistant to interact with any web page:
Navigate to https://demo.playwright.dev/todomvc and add a few todo items.
The agent sees the page as a structured accessibility tree:
- heading "todos" [level=1]
- textbox "What needs to be done?" [ref=e5]
- listitem:
- checkbox "Toggle Todo" [ref=e10]
- text: "Buy groceries"
It uses element refs like e5 and e10 to click, type, and interact — deterministically and without visual ambiguity. Tools cover navigation, form filling, screenshots, network mocking, storage management, and more.
Full MCP documentation | GitHub
Playwright Library
Use playwright as a library for browser automation scripts — web scraping, PDF generation, screenshot capture, and any workflow that needs programmatic browser control without a test runner.
Install
npm i playwright
Examples
Take a screenshot:
import { chromium } from 'playwright';
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.goto('https://playwright.dev/');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'screenshot.png' });
await browser.close();
Generate a PDF:
import { chromium } from 'playwright';
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.goto('https://playwright.dev/');
await page.pdf({ path: 'page.pdf', format: 'A4' });
await browser.close();
Emulate a mobile device:
import { chromium, devices } from 'playwright';
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const context = await browser.newContext(devices['iPhone 15']);
const page = await context.newPage();
await page.goto('https://playwright.dev/');
await page.screenshot({ path: 'mobile.png' });
await browser.close();
Intercept network requests:
import { chromium } from 'playwright';
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.route('**/*.{png,jpg,jpeg}', route => route.abort());
await page.goto('https://playwright.dev/');
await browser.close();
Library documentation | API reference
VS Code Extension
The Playwright VS Code extension brings test running, debugging, and code generation directly into your editor.
Run and debug tests from the editor with a single click. Set breakpoints, inspect variables, and step through test execution with a live browser view.
Generate tests with CodeGen. Click "Record new" to open a browser — navigate and interact with your app while Playwright writes the test code for you.
Pick locators. Hover over any element in the browser to see the best available locator, then click to copy it to your clipboard.
Trace Viewer integration. Enable "Show Trace Viewer" in the sidebar to get a full execution trace after each test run — DOM snapshots, network requests, console logs, and screenshots at every step.
Install the extension | VS Code guide
Cross-Browser Support
|
Linux |
macOS |
Windows |
| Chromium1 154.0.8037.0 |
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| WebKit 26.6 |
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| Firefox 155.0 |
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Headless and headed execution on all platforms. 1 Uses Chrome for Testing by default.
Other Languages
Playwright is also available for Python, .NET, and Java.
Resources
Playwright 是一个用于网页测试和自动化的框架，通过同一套 API 驱动 Chromium、Firefox 和 WebKit。它可以用于测试套件、自动化脚本，也可以作为 AI 智能体的工具。