worldmodels101 README

The project's README from github.com/NiluK/worldmodels101. As one markdown file: README.md.

World Models 101

A free, interactive course on how machines learn to predict, simulate, and plan.

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The World Models 101 course homepage

The phrase "world model" now describes at least five different classes of system, and the people using it rarely specify which. World Models 101 sorts that out first, then teaches the machinery.

Nine chapters. About two hours. No signup. Every chapter has an interactive and a printable PDF.

What people mean by world model

Definition Predicts Examples
Renderer Pixels Genie 3, Sora, GameNGen
Simulator Geometry and physics Marble, NVIDIA Cosmos*
Controller Compact state Dreamer, PlaNet, Ha and Schmidhuber
Representation Embeddings V-JEPA 2, I-JEPA
Implicit model Nothing; researchers find it rather than run it Othello-GPT

* Cosmos straddles Renderer and Simulator. That ambiguity is the point. Before asking whether something is a world model, ask what it predicts and what you can do with the why-prediction-is-learning.

The course

Chapter The thing you can poke
01 What Is a World Model? A map of five definitions and the question that separates them
02 How Do World Models Work? A planner that gets worse as it searches harder inside a flawed model
03 Why Is Prediction the Same as Learning? Possible futures collapsing as new evidence arrives
04 What Is Latent Space? A two-number space that decodes into a room
05 What Is a Dynamics Model? One model run with corrections, then left to consume its own output
06 Can an AI Learn Inside Its Own World Model? The point where cheaper imagined experience becomes worse experience
07 What Is JEPA, and Why Not Predict Pixels? Two possible futures and the impossible blur that scores above both
08 Are Video Models World Simulators? One starting frame and three futures selected by an action
09 What Is Still Broken in World Models? A thousand-step rollout showing which properties fail first

The chapters are ordered for learning rather than history. Each one states which definition of world model is in use, cites the underlying papers, and ends with a short quiz. You can read the whole course online or download any chapter as a PDF from its page.

Run it locally

pnpm install
pnpm dev

The production checks are:

pnpm lint
pnpm build

Print and PDF

Every chapter has a print layout. Interactive controls disappear, quizzes become static questions with an answer key, and unrevealed sections remain visible.

pnpm dev                         # in another shell
pnpm pdf what-is-a-world-model 1

The command writes to public/pdf/. A chapter page links its PDF automatically when the corresponding file exists.

Design rules

Colour carries meaning. Vermilion marks what a model imagined. Slate marks what happened. Neither colour is available for decoration.

Contrast is a contract. Every text token clears WCAG AA on the background where it appears. Muted text must also stay visibly separate from body text, or the reading hierarchy collapses. The contrast notes live at the top of src/app/globals.css.

State never depends on dimmed text. Lowering text opacity can break contrast. Active states add emphasis instead.

Sources and corrections

Videos come from the lab that built the system or a researcher who authored the work. Every YouTube ID is checked against the oEmbed endpoint before it ships. Claims that cannot be independently verified are attributed rather than stated as fact.

Technical corrections, translation fixes, and broken demos are worth reporting. Open an issue. Corrections are credited.

License and attribution

The application code and course material in this repository are licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Reuse must credit Nilushanan Kulasingham and World Models 101, identify changes, and keep adaptations under the same license.

worldmodels101 (NiluK/worldmodels101)

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What is this?A free, interactive online course that teaches how world models work in AI, covering prediction, latent dynamics, planning, JEPA, video models, and where they fail.
Is this a tool I run, or just a website to read?It is a Next.js web app with nine chapter pages, each containing interactive visualizations, a quiz, and a downloadable PDF version.
How is the course organized, and where should I start?There are nine chapters ordered for learning rather than history, starting with 'What Is a World Model?' and ending with 'What Is Still Broken in World Models?'; you read them online or download a chapter PDF.
Do I need any background in ML to follow it?Not stated explicitly, but each chapter cites underlying papers and builds up concepts (latent space, dynamics models, JEPA) progressively, suggesting basic ML/RL familiarity helps.
Are the claims in the course fully verified?Only claims that can be independently verified are stated as fact; everything else is explicitly attributed to its source, and every embedded YouTube video is checked against the oEmbed endpoint before shipping.
Can I reuse or adapt this course material?Yes, under CC BY-SA 4.0, but you must credit the author and the course, note any changes, and keep your adaptation under the same license.
How long does the whole course take?About two hours across the nine chapters, with no signup required.
Why does the course bother defining 'world model' so carefully?Because the term is used for at least five different kinds of systems (renderers, simulators, controllers, representation models, implicit models), and the course argues you need to know which one is meant before evaluating any claim about it.
What is JEPA and why does the course cover it?JEPA (Joint Embedding Predictive Architecture) is presented as an alternative to predicting raw pixels, predicting in latent space instead; Chapter 07 is dedicated to explaining why this avoids the 'impossible blur' problem of pixel prediction.
How do I generate the PDF versions of chapters myself?Run the project's pdf script (node scripts/make-pdf.mjs), which writes chapter PDFs to the public/pdf/ folder; a chapter page auto-links its PDF once the file exists.
Creator
NiluK
Size
48.2 MB
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206
Updated
CommitAug 24
Age
2mo
Commits · 90 Days